A finite element method for surface diffusion: the parametric case

Eberhard Baensch
Weierstrass Institute for Applied Analysis and Stochastics and Freie Universit\"at Berlin
10117 Berlin, Germany.

baensch@wias-berlin.de

Pedro Morin
Instituto de Matem\'atica Aplicada del Litoral (IMAL) and Departamento de Matem\'atica
Facultad de Ingenieria Quimica
Universidad Nacional del Litoral
3000 Santa Fe, Argentina.

pmorin@math.unl.edu.ar

Ricardo H. Nochetto
Department of Mathematics
University of Maryland, College Park
College Park, MD 20742, USA

rhn@math.umd.edu

Abstract

Surface diffusion is a (4th order highly nonlinear) geometric driven motion of a surface with normal velocity proportional to the surface Laplacian of mean curvature. We present a novel variational formulation for parametric surfaces with or without boundaries. The method is semi-implicit, requires no explicit parametrization, and yields a linear system of elliptic PDE to solve at each time step. We next develop a finite element method, propose a Schur complement approach to solve the resulting linear systems, and show several significant simulations, some with pinch-off in finite time. We introduce a mesh regularization algorithm, which helps prevent mesh distortion, and discuss the use of time and space adaptivity to increase accuracy while reducing complexity.