1. Qualifying Exam Study together/alone Try.. try again Practice exams / seek experienced help Know undergraduate subjects well Iron out weaknesses Demonstrate ability to think on your feet Basics Sacrifice 2. Thesis Topic / Advisor Be careful Attend seminars Get to know professors beforehand Choose an established/secure person -- junior faculty may be OK if you finish fast Compatible personalities Pick a "hot", non dead-end, ambitious topic - and like it Show initiative Recognize dead-ends Shop around - independent studies Be true to yourself and develop mathematical intuition Explain the topic to someone else Switch, if necessary Choose someone who wants to work with you 2.5 Prepare for Job Market Teach/TA Publish Postdoctorate position Publish thesis Attend/present at conferences 3. Race Matters Do we pinpoint successful schools? Why do students leave? What are the obstacles? Get a mentor